Alterações psicológicas em adultos jovens que sobreviveram ao câncer: uma análise de sua qualidade de vida
Psychological changes in young adults that survived cancer: an analysis of their quality of life
Guilherme Zaremba, Beatriz de C. P. Píspico, Camila R. de A. Monteiro, Marcella Serai, Hullie H. Martins, Elberth José dos Santos, Mariana C. Gouveia, Damila C. Trufelli, Auro del Giglio
Resumo
Introdução: Com tratamentos cada vez mais efetivos e a detecção precoce do câncer, houve um aumento significativo da sobrevida de vários tipos de câncer nas últimas décadas. Apesar da crescente expectativa de vida, mais da metade dos pacientes oncológicos apresentam algum distúrbio emocional, principalmente alteração de humor, depressão e ansiedade. Há poucas informações sobre a qualidade de vida dos sobreviventes na faixa etária adulto-jovem. Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de alterações psicológicas em pacientes adulto-jovens sobreviventes ao câncer. Método: Estudo transversal, no qual pacientes considerados elegíveis preencheram uma ficha com seus dados clínicos e demográficos, bem como responderam a os seguintes questionários: Escala de Impacto de Eventos (IES), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) e o Termômetro de Distress (TD). Resultado: Foram incluídos 15 pacientes entre fevereiro e maio de 2015, com média de idade de 27,7 anos. O HAD revelou ansiedade e depressão improváveis em 74% e 93% dos pacientes, respectivamente. O TD revelou um baixo nível de estresse, na população analisada. O IES mostrou que há uma pequena chance de o diagnóstico ter gerado um stress pós-traumático ou a necessidade de acompanhamento psiquiátrico. O PSQI demonstrou que 40% não possui um bom sono. Conclusão: A análise dos dados demonstrou que os pacientes apresentam um grau moderado de ansiedade e pouco significativo de depressão, um baixo nível de estresse e que a doença oncológica não desencadeou repercussões psiquiátricas importantes.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Introduction: With the increase of effective treatments and early detection of cancer, there was a significant increase in disease-free survival in recent decades. Despite increasing life expectancy, more than half of cancer patients have some emotional disorder, especially mood variations, depression and anxiety. Moreover, there is little information on the quality of life of survivors in a young-adult age range. Objective:To determine the prevalence of psychological disorders in young adult patients surviving cancer. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which eligible for the study patients filled out a form with their clinical and demographic data, as well as the following questionnaires: Impact of Event Scale (IES), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Distress Thermometer (DT). Results: We included 15 patients between February and May 2015, with a mean age of 27.7 years. The HAD revealed in 74% of patients unlikely to have anxiety and 93% depression IES showed that there is little chance of the diagnosis had generated a post-traumatic stress or the need for psychiatric care. The PSQI showed that 40% do not have a good sleep. Conclusion: The data analysis showed that the patients have a moderate degree of anxiety and minor depression, a low level of stress. Therefore a diagnosis of cancer did not trigger significant psychiatric repercussions.
Keywords
Referências
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