Clinical Oncology Letters
https://www.clinicaloncologyletters.com/article/doi/10.4322/col.2025.003
Clinical Oncology Letters
Artigo Original

Distribuição de ensaios clínicos e perfil sociodemográfico dos cânceres de mama, colorretal e pulmão na região sudeste do Brasil (2019-2023): um estudo ecológico

Distribution of clinical trials and sociodemographic profile of breast, colorectal, and lung cancers in the southeast region of Brazil (2019-2023): an ecological study

Stefanie de Sousa Antunes Alcantara, Laércio da Silva Paiva, Francisca Mielly Pereira da Silva, Luiz Vinicius de Alcantara Sousa

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Resumo

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência do câncer de mama, câncer de cólon/reto e câncer de pulmão entre os sexos feminino e masculino no período de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2023 e correlacionar com os fatores sociodemográficos para avaliar a distribuição e o impacto dos ensaios clínicos randomizados realizados na região Sudeste do Brasil durante este período. Método: Estudo de desenho ecológico com informações do período de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2023 sobre os três (03) tipos de cânceres mais comuns na região Sudeste do Brasil: Câncer de Mama, Câncer de Cólon/Reto e Câncer de Pulmão entre os sexos feminino e masculino. A obtenção dos dados pertinentes, recorreu-se pelos sistemas DATASUS e Clinical Trials. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos nesse estudo forneceram uma visão detalhada sobre a prevalência dos três tipos de cânceres mais comuns (mama, cólon/reto e pulmão) na região Sudeste do Brasil, de 2019 a 2023, e trouxeram à tona questões relevantes para a saúde pública e a pesquisa clínica. Observou-se um aumento expressivo nas admissões hospitalares e na mortalidade associada a esses tipos de câncer, com diferenças significativas entre os sexos, corroborando a necessidade de uma análise crítica sobre as intervenções de saúde e o papel da pesquisa clínica no desenvolvimento de tratamentos mais eficazes. Conclusão: A análise destaca que, apesar do aumento no número de ensaios clínicos no Brasil, há uma lacuna significativa em termos de investimento, recrutamento de pacientes e infraestrutura, particularmente nas regiões menos desenvolvidas.

Palavras-chave

Epidemiologia; Fatores Socioeconômicos; Prevalência.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of breast cancer, colon/rectal cancer, and lung cancer among females and males  from January 2019 to December 2023 and correlate these findings with sociodemographic factors to assess the distribution and impact of randomized clinical trials conducted in the Southeast region of Brazil during this period. Method: Ecological study design with information from January 2019 to December 2023 on the three (03) most common types of cancer in the Southeast region of Brazil: Breast Cancer, Colon/Rectal Cancer, and Lung Cancer in both females and males. Data were obtained from the DATASUS and Clinical Trials systems. Results: The results of this study provided a detailed overview of the prevalence of the three most common cancers (breast, colon/rectal, and lung) in the Southeast region of Brazil from 2019 to 2023. The study highlighted relevant public health and clinical research issues. A significant increase was observed in hospital admissions and mortality associated with these types of cancer, with marked differences between sexes, underscoring the need for a critical analysis of health interventions and the role of clinical research in developing more effective treatments. Conclusion: The analysis emphasizes that despite the increase in the number of clinical trials in Brazil, there remains a significant gap in terms of investment, patient recruitment, and infrastructure, particularly in less developed regions.

Keywords

Epidemiology; Socioeconomic Factors; Prevalence.

Referências

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Submetido em:
10/02/2025

Revisado em:
20/03/2025

Aceito em:
07/04/2025

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